feat(python): implement python bindings for all components and solvers

bindings/python/test!entropyk.py

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+import entropyk
+
+# === Types physiques ===
+p = entropyk.Pressure(bar=10.0)
+print(p)             # Pressure(1000000.0 Pa)
+print(p.to_bar())    # 10.0
+print(float(p))      # 1000000.0 (en Pascals)
+
+t = entropyk.Temperature(celsius=25.0)
+print(t.to_celsius()) # 25.0
+print(t.to_kelvin())  # 298.15
+
+h = entropyk.Enthalpy(kj_per_kg=400.0)
+m = entropyk.MassFlow(kg_per_s=0.5)
+
+# === Composants ===
+cond = entropyk.Condenser(ua=10000.0)        # UA = 10 kW/K
+evap = entropyk.Evaporator(ua=8000.0)        # UA = 8 kW/K
+comp = entropyk.Compressor(efficiency=0.85)
+valve = entropyk.ExpansionValve(fluid="R134a")
+pipe = entropyk.Pipe(length=5.0, diameter=0.025)
+
+# === Système ===
+system = entropyk.System()
+c_idx = system.add_component(comp)
+d_idx = system.add_component(cond)
+v_idx = system.add_component(valve)
+e_idx = system.add_component(evap)
+
+system.add_edge(c_idx, d_idx)  # compresseur → condenseur
+system.add_edge(d_idx, v_idx)  # condenseur → détendeur
+system.add_edge(v_idx, e_idx)  # détendeur → évaporateur
+system.add_edge(e_idx, c_idx)  # évaporateur → compresseur
+
+system.finalize()
+
+# === Solveur ===
+config = entropyk.NewtonConfig(max_iterations=100, tolerance=1e-6)
+# result = config.solve(system)  # résoudre le système
+
+# === Exceptions ===
+try:
+    entropyk.Pressure(bar=-1.0)  # ValueError
+except ValueError as e:
+    print(f"Erreur: {e}")