Momento/memento-note/lib/ai/services/semantic-search.service.ts

/**
 * Semantic Search Service
 *
 * Unified hybrid search combining:
 *   1. PostgreSQL full-text search (tsvector / tsquery) via GIN index
 *   2. pgvector cosine-distance nearest-neighbor search via HNSW index
 *   3. Reciprocal Rank Fusion (RRF) for final ranking
 *
 * All vector operations happen in the database — no JS cosine-similarity loops.
 */

import { embeddingService } from './embedding.service'
import { prisma } from '@/lib/prisma'
import { auth } from '@/auth'

export interface SearchResult {
  noteId: string
  title: string | null
  content: string
  score: number
  matchType: 'exact' | 'related'
  language?: string | null
}

export interface SearchOptions {
  limit?: number
  threshold?: number
  includeExactMatches?: boolean
  notebookId?: string
  defaultTitle?: string
}

export class SemanticSearchService {
  private readonly RRF_K = 60
  private readonly DEFAULT_LIMIT = 20
  private readonly DEFAULT_THRESHOLD = 0.3
  private readonly VECTOR_CANDIDATES = 50
  private readonly FTS_CANDIDATES = 50

  /**
   * Hybrid search: FTS + pgvector with RRF fusion.
   * Accepts an optional userId to skip auth() (used by agent tools).
   */
  async search(
    query: string,
    options: SearchOptions = {}
  ): Promise<SearchResult[]> {
    const {
      limit = this.DEFAULT_LIMIT,
      threshold = this.DEFAULT_THRESHOLD,
      notebookId,
      defaultTitle = 'Untitled'
    } = options

    if (!query || query.trim().length < 2) return []

    const session = await auth()
    const userId = session?.user?.id || null
    return this._doSearch(query, userId, { limit, threshold, notebookId, defaultTitle })
  }

  /**
   * Search as a specific user (no auth() call).
   * Used by agent tools that run server-side without HTTP session.
   */
  async searchAsUser(
    userId: string,
    query: string,
    options: SearchOptions = {}
  ): Promise<SearchResult[]> {
    const {
      limit = this.DEFAULT_LIMIT,
      threshold = this.DEFAULT_THRESHOLD,
      notebookId,
      defaultTitle = 'Untitled'
    } = options

    if (!query || query.trim().length < 2) return []
    return this._doSearch(query, userId, { limit, threshold, notebookId, defaultTitle })
  }

  private async _doSearch(
    query: string,
    userId: string | null,
    opts: { limit: number; threshold: number; notebookId?: string; defaultTitle: string }
  ): Promise<SearchResult[]> {
    try {
      const [keywordResults, semanticResults] = await Promise.all([
        this.ftsSearch(query, userId, opts.notebookId),
        this.vectorSearch(query, userId, opts.threshold, opts.notebookId)
      ])

      const fusedResults = await this.reciprocalRankFusion(keywordResults, semanticResults)

      return fusedResults
        .sort((a, b) => b.score - a.score)
        .slice(0, opts.limit)
        .map(result => ({
          ...result,
          title: result.title || opts.defaultTitle,
          matchType: result.score > 0.8 ? 'exact' as const : 'related' as const
        }))
    } catch (error) {
      console.error('Error in hybrid search:', error)
      return this._ftsFallback(query, userId, opts)
    }
  }

  /**
   * PostgreSQL full-text search using tsvector + GIN index.
   * Returns ranked results using ts_rank.
   */
  private async ftsSearch(
    query: string,
    userId: string | null,
    notebookId?: string
  ): Promise<Array<{ noteId: string; rank: number }>> {
    const safeQuery = query.replace(/'/g, "''")

    const userClause = userId ? `AND "userId" = '${userId}'` : ''
    const notebookClause = notebookId !== undefined
      ? `AND "notebookId" ${notebookId ? `= '${notebookId.replace(/'/g, "''")}'` : 'IS NULL'}`
      : ''

    const sql = `
      SELECT id AS "noteId", ts_rank("tsv", plainto_tsquery('simple', '${safeQuery}')) AS rank
      FROM "Note"
      WHERE "tsv" @@ plainto_tsquery('simple', '${safeQuery}')
        AND "trashedAt" IS NULL
        AND "isArchived" = false
        ${userClause}
        ${notebookClause}
      ORDER BY rank DESC
      LIMIT ${this.FTS_CANDIDATES}
    `

    const rows: Array<{ noteId: string; rank: number }> = await prisma.$queryRawUnsafe(sql)

    const maxRank = rows.length > 0 ? rows[0].rank : 1
    return rows.map((r, i) => ({
      noteId: r.noteId,
      rank: i + 1
    }))
  }

  /**
   * pgvector cosine-distance search using the HNSW index.
   * Returns nearest neighbors above the similarity threshold.
   */
  private async vectorSearch(
    query: string,
    userId: string | null,
    threshold: number,
    notebookId?: string
  ): Promise<Array<{ noteId: string; rank: number }>> {
    let queryEmbedding: number[]
    try {
      const result = await embeddingService.generateEmbedding(query)
      queryEmbedding = result.embedding
    } catch (error) {
      console.error('Failed to generate query embedding:', error)
      return []
    }

    const vecStr = embeddingService.toVectorString(queryEmbedding)
    const userClause = userId ? `AND n."userId" = '${userId}'` : ''
    const notebookClause = notebookId !== undefined
      ? `AND n."notebookId" ${notebookId ? `= '${notebookId.replace(/'/g, "''")}'` : 'IS NULL'}`
      : ''

    const sql = `
      SELECT n.id AS "noteId",
             1 - (e."embedding" <=> '${vecStr}'::vector) AS similarity
      FROM "Note" n
      INNER JOIN "NoteEmbedding" e ON e."noteId" = n.id
      WHERE n."trashedAt" IS NULL
        AND n."isArchived" = false
        ${userClause}
        ${notebookClause}
        AND 1 - (e."embedding" <=> '${vecStr}'::vector) >= ${threshold}
      ORDER BY e."embedding" <=> '${vecStr}'::vector ASC
      LIMIT ${this.VECTOR_CANDIDATES}
    `

    const rows: Array<{ noteId: string; similarity: number }> = await prisma.$queryRawUnsafe(sql)

    return rows.map((r, i) => ({
      noteId: r.noteId,
      rank: i + 1
    }))
  }

  /**
   * Reciprocal Rank Fusion algorithm.
   * Combines keyword and semantic ranked lists into a single ranking.
   */
  private async reciprocalRankFusion(
    keywordResults: Array<{ noteId: string; rank: number }>,
    semanticResults: Array<{ noteId: string; rank: number }>
  ): Promise<SearchResult[]> {
    const scores = new Map<string, number>()

    for (const result of keywordResults) {
      const rrfScore = 1 / (this.RRF_K + result.rank)
      scores.set(result.noteId, (scores.get(result.noteId) || 0) + rrfScore)
    }

    for (const result of semanticResults) {
      const rrfScore = 1 / (this.RRF_K + result.rank)
      scores.set(result.noteId, (scores.get(result.noteId) || 0) + rrfScore)
    }

    const noteIds = Array.from(scores.keys())
    if (noteIds.length === 0) return []

    const notes = await prisma.note.findMany({
      where: { id: { in: noteIds }, trashedAt: null },
      select: {
        id: true,
        title: true,
        content: true,
        language: true
      }
    })

    return notes.map(note => ({
      noteId: note.id,
      title: note.title,
      content: note.content,
      score: scores.get(note.id) || 0,
      matchType: 'related' as const,
      language: note.language
    }))
  }

  /**
   * Fallback to FTS-only when vector search fails entirely.
   */
  private async _ftsFallback(
    query: string,
    userId: string | null,
    opts: { limit: number; threshold: number; notebookId?: string; defaultTitle: string }
  ): Promise<SearchResult[]> {
    try {
      const keywordResults = await this.ftsSearch(query, userId, opts.notebookId)
      const noteIds = keywordResults.slice(0, opts.limit).map(r => r.noteId)
      const notes = await prisma.note.findMany({
        where: { id: { in: noteIds }, trashedAt: null },
        select: { id: true, title: true, content: true, language: true }
      })

      return notes.map(note => ({
        noteId: note.id,
        title: note.title || opts.defaultTitle,
        content: note.content,
        score: 1.0,
        matchType: 'related' as const,
        language: note.language
      }))
    } catch {
      return []
    }
  }

  /**
   * Generate or update embedding for a note.
   * Stores as native pgvector via raw SQL.
   */
  async indexNote(noteId: string): Promise<void> {
    try {
      const note = await prisma.note.findUnique({
        where: { id: noteId },
        select: { content: true, lastAiAnalysis: true }
      })

      if (!note) throw new Error('Note not found')

      const shouldRegenerate = embeddingService.shouldRegenerateEmbedding(
        note.content,
        null,
        note.lastAiAnalysis
      )

      if (!shouldRegenerate) return

      const { embedding } = await embeddingService.generateEmbedding(note.content)
      const vecStr = embeddingService.toVectorString(embedding)

      await prisma.$executeRawUnsafe(
        `INSERT INTO "NoteEmbedding" ("id", "noteId", "embedding", "createdAt", "updatedAt")
         VALUES (gen_random_uuid(), $1, $2::vector, now(), now())
         ON CONFLICT ("noteId")
         DO UPDATE SET "embedding" = $2::vector, "updatedAt" = now()`,
        noteId,
        vecStr
      )

      await prisma.note.update({
        where: { id: noteId },
        data: { lastAiAnalysis: new Date() }
      })
    } catch (error) {
      console.error(`Error indexing note ${noteId}:`, error)
      throw error
    }
  }

  /**
   * Batch index multiple notes.
   */
  async indexBatchNotes(noteIds: string[]): Promise<void> {
    const BATCH_SIZE = 20

    for (let i = 0; i < noteIds.length; i += BATCH_SIZE) {
      const batch = noteIds.slice(i, i + BATCH_SIZE)
      await Promise.allSettled(batch.map(noteId => this.indexNote(noteId)))
    }
  }
}

export const semanticSearchService = new SemanticSearchService()